HumaninMitochondrial PeptideSafety Rating 6/10
Research-literature reference data, NOT patient instructions. Not for human use. Consult a licensed clinician for any human application.
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Overview
About Humanin
Mechanism of action
Mitochondria-derived peptide (MTDP); binds FPRL1/Bax; anti-apoptotic; neuroprotective against Alzheimer's-related toxicity; activates STAT3 and AMPK; insulin sensitizing.
Safety profile
Very limited human data. Generally well-tolerated in early research. Long-term safety profile not established. · Endogenous peptide; cytoprotective; animal studies favorable; no proven harms
Storage
Stability & handling
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Research
Studies & key findings
- Humanin is a 21-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 16S rRNA region and first identified in 2001 as a neuroprotective factor from surviving neurons in Alzheimer's disease brains; circulating humanin levels decline with age across species, and children of human centenarians show substantially elevated humanin compared to age-matched controls.
- Mechanistically, humanin binds IGFBP-3 and blocks amyloid-beta aggregation; in the presence of IGFBP-3 the protective interaction with Aβ is abolished and amyloid oligomer formation increases, identifying IGFBP-3 as a physiological regulator of humanin's neuroprotective capacity and a potential Alzheimer's disease risk modifier.